Taking the Canadian citizenship test is one of the final steps for permanent residents who want to become Canadian citizens.
On March 9, Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) released updated instructions for officers who review citizenship tests. The new instructions confirm that the online self-administered test is now the main format used for applicants.
For applicants who have already received an invitation or are still preparing for the citizenship process, it is useful to understand how the online test works.
Today, we will discuss the key facts about Canada’s online citizenship test, including rules, attempts, time limits, format, and important requirements.
So, without further ado, let us begin!
The Question Difficulty Is Balanced
The online citizenship test is created using a large pool of questions. This pool contains about 300 to 400 different questions.
According to IRCC’s updated instructions, each question has a specific weight. This system helps ensure that every version of the test has a similar level of difficulty. It also ensures that different topics are included in a balanced way.
Since the questions are selected randomly from the pool, each applicant receives a different test. Because of this, it is very unlikely that two applicants will receive exactly the same set of questions.
To prepare for the test, IRCC recommends studying the official guide called Discover Canada: The Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship.
Applicants can also practice using free sample tests available online. Public libraries such as the Richmond Public Library and the Toronto Public Library provide practice tests that can help applicants become familiar with the format.
A 30-Day Period Is Given To Complete The Test
Applicants receive an email invitation when it is time to take the citizenship test.
The email includes a 30-day period during which the test must be completed. During this period, applicants can attempt the test up to three times if necessary.
The 30-day time frame begins on the start date mentioned in the invitation. It does not begin on the day the email is received.
If the test is not completed within this time period, the applicant must contact the department to request a new invitation.
The test includes 20 questions. To pass, applicants must answer at least 15 questions correctly. Questions are either multiple choice or true-or-false. There are no open-ended questions.
Applicants are given 45 minutes to complete the test.
A Webcam Is Required During The Test
Applicants must use a desktop computer, laptop, or tablet that has a webcam.
During the test session, the webcam remains active. According to IRCC, the webcam takes random photos during the test.
These photos are used to confirm the identity of the applicant and to make sure the test is being completed without help from others.
Identification Must Be Shown Before Starting
Before the test begins, an identity verification step must be completed.
This process is automated, which means there is no immigration officer directly guiding the applicant during the test session.
Applicants must have an acceptable form of identification ready before starting the test.
This can include:
- a permanent resident card, even if it has expired; or
- a valid piece of identification with a photo and signature, such as a driver’s licence or health card (that is not expired).
Before the test begins, applicants will be asked to take a photo of themselves and a photo of their identification using the webcam on their device.
The photos must be clear and readable. If the images are blurry or unclear, the test may not be accepted. In such cases, the applicant may be asked to take the test again.
Some Devices And Setups Cannot Be Used
Not every device or setup is supported for the online citizenship test.
These devices and setups are not supported for the Canadian citizenship test:
- Mobile phones
- Chrome on an iPad
- Microsoft Surface Pro devices
- Devices connected to a virtual private network (VPN)
The Score Appears Immediately But Is Not Final
After the test and identity verification are completed, applicants receive a score out of 20.
This score shows how many questions were answered correctly and gives an idea of whether the applicant likely passed.
However, this score is not considered official right away.
IRCC reviews the test results internally before confirming that the knowledge requirement has been met. The department also checks the identity verification photos taken during the test.
Only after this review is completed does the department confirm the official result.
There Are Strict Rules During The Test
IRCC has established clear rules for applicants who take the online self-administered test.
Applicants must not:
- Open other tabs, windows, or programs
- Use another device during the test
- Connect through a VPN
- Have personal information visible in the background (like a diploma)
The test must be completed alone and without outside assistance.
These rules are designed to ensure that the test accurately reflects the applicant’s knowledge.
Some Situations May Require A Retest Or Interview
If IRCC finds concerns related to a test session, additional steps may be required.
For example, applicants may be asked to retake the test or attend an interview if certain issues are detected.
Possible issues include unclear identity photos, problems with identification images, or internet connectivity problems during the test.
If no follow-up letter is sent and the applicant’s Citizenship Tracker later shows that the knowledge requirement has been completed, it usually means that the applicant passed the test.
Failing Three Attempts Leads To A Knowledge Hearing
Applicants are allowed three attempts to pass the citizenship test within the given time period.
If all three attempts are unsuccessful, the applicant is usually invited to attend a knowledge hearing with a citizenship officer.
This hearing can take place in person or through video conferencing using Microsoft Teams.
During the hearing, the citizenship officer may conduct an oral knowledge test. In some cases, the officer may also conduct a language assessment to confirm that the applicant meets the language requirements.
Cheating Can Lead To Serious Penalties
IRCC takes cheating during the citizenship test very seriously.
If an applicant is found to have cheated, the department may cancel the opportunity to retake the test. Instead, the applicant may be required to attend a hearing with a citizenship officer.
The department also warns that dishonest behavior during a test or hearing may be considered misrepresentation. This happens when the results do not accurately show the applicant’s real knowledge or ability.
Misrepresentation is considered a serious offence under Canadian immigration law.
Possible consequences include the rejection of the citizenship application, fines, legal charges, and a ban from applying for Canadian immigration for five years.
IRCC’s updated instructions also state that any concerns related to cheating must be recorded in the applicant’s file.
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